Haeckel ernst biography definition of ecology

The undisputed source of the term ecology is the eminent German zoologist, Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), who coined it in 1866.

Haeckel ernst biography definition of ecology

Haeckel ernst biography definition of ecology and evolution

Definition of define ecology

Where was ernst haeckel born

Father of ecology

It is well to revert to Haeckel's expanded definition in 1869 as translated by Allee and others:

By ecology we mean the body of knowledge concerning the economy of nature—the investigation of the total relations of the animal both to its inorganic and to its organic environment; including above all, its friendly and inimical relations with those animals and plants with which it comes directly or indirectly into contact—in a word ecology is the study of all those complex interrelations referred to by Darwin as the conditions of the struggle for existence.

(Allee, 1949)

Haeckel's definition illustrates the continuing tendency to distinguish animal and plant ecology. His emphasis on Darwinian evolution was echoed by numerous early ecologists, and later historians, and persists as evolutionary ecology.

The term ecology appeared